• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    One aspect of the invention relates to a method (100) for associating each counter of a plurality of meters with a three-phase output of a transformer among at least one transformer, each transformer comprising at least one three-phase feeder, each three-phase feeder. comprising three phases, and each counter being connected to one and only one phase. The method according to this aspect of the invention comprises a step (1ED) of determining the similarity between each voltage measurement of each counter of the plurality of counters so as to form a plurality of pairs of counters, each measurement of voltage being over a so-called measurement period, each pair of counters being associated with a similarity and a step (1ER) of grouping the counter pairs having a negative similarity so as to form a plurality of groups, each group being associated with a departure of phase.
    公开号:FR3080456A1
    申请号:FR1853510
    申请日:2018-04-20
    公开日:2019-10-25
    发明作者:Florian Dadouchi；Arturo Mondragon Cardenas；Clementine BENOIT
    申请人:Florian Dadouchi；Arturo Mondragon Cardenas；Clementine BENOIT；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    METHOD FOR ASSOCIATING EACH COUNTER WITH A PLURALITY OF COUNTERS WITH A THREE-PHASE DEPARTURE OF A TRANSFORMER, METHOD FOR DETERMINING THE TOPOLOGY OF A NETWORK AND ASSOCIATED DEVICE
    TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
    The technical field of the invention is that of the mapping of electrical networks. The present invention relates to a method of associating each counter of a plurality of counters with a three-phase feeder of a transformer, a method of determining the topology of a network and an associated device.
    TECHNOLOGICAL BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
    It often happens that the association between meters and transformers is only partially known or still to be determined. This step is particularly important in order to be able to estimate the load of each transformer, of each of the three-phase feeders of each transformer and of each of the phases of this feeder, or even to know which meters it is necessary to change phase to rebalance the network.
    To make such an association, a first method based on energy conservation has been proposed. More particularly, this method uses the principle of energy conservation to find which transformers supply which meters: the sum of the energy consumed by the meters must be found at the level of each transformer. However, such a method has drawbacks. First of all, it only works if almost all of the powers consumed are measured and these measurements reassembled in order to be taken into account by said method. It is therefore not very robust to measurement errors, synchronization errors, “lost” data and losses (technical - by heating of cables - and non-technical - by power theft). In addition, since the calculation is combinatorial, the number of counters to be sorted must be limited (generally a few hundred). In addition, it requires measurements to be made at each meter, but also at each three-phase feeder of each transformer, which may require the installation of a temporary system to make this measurement possible. Finally, it does not make it possible to determine the topology of the network, that is to say the way in which the counters of said network are connected with each other.
    There is therefore a need for a method for mapping the electrical network, that is to say for associating each meter with a phase, a three-phase feeder and a transformer without requiring a measurement return of the assembly or of most meters and without requiring measurements to be made at each transformer, while making it possible to process a network comprising a large number of meters.
    SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
    The invention offers a solution to the problems mentioned above, by using the link which exists between each phase of a three-phase feeder in order to determine the topology of a network without having to carry out measurements at the transformer level, but only at the level of the counters to characterize. In addition, the principles of this measurement make it insensitive to measurement anomalies such as the failure to take account of one or more meters or even the existence of "wild samples".
    A first aspect of the invention relates to a method of associating each counter of a plurality of counters with a three-phase feed of a transformer among at least one transformer, preferably a plurality of transformers, each transformer comprising at least one feed three-phase, each three-phase feeder comprising three phases, and each meter being connected to one and only one phase. The method according to a first aspect of the invention comprises:
    a step of determining the similarity between each voltage measurement of each counter of the plurality of counters so as to form a plurality of pairs of counters, each voltage measurement taking place over a period called measurement period, each pair of counters being associated with a similarity;
    a step of grouping together the pairs of meters having a negative similarity as a function of their similarity so as to form a plurality of groups, each group being associated with a three-phase start.
    Thanks to the invention, it is therefore possible to be able to associate each meter with a group and therefore with a three-phase feed. This three-phase feeder being itself associated with a transformer, the method according to a first aspect of the invention therefore makes it possible to associate each counter of a plurality of counters with a three-phase feeder of a transformer. The inventors have indeed discovered that it is possible to use the link which exists between the different phases of a three-phase departure. This link is reflected, for example, in the fact that a change in consumption on one phase will have an impact on the voltage of the other two phases of the three-phase feeder. The measurement of this link is made in the invention using voltage measurements made by meters. Indeed, in general, if two voltages measured by two different counters have a negative similarity, for example that they are negatively correlated, then these counters are in principle connected to two different phases of the same three-phase feeder. The measurement of similarity can for example be carried out by means of a Pearson correlation. Likewise, the voltages measured by two meters connected to two phases of the same three-phase feeder do not necessarily have any negative similarity. On the other hand, in the case of a large imbalance, this similarity becomes negative. In this situation, the voltages measured by three meters each connected to a phase of a three-phase feed will show negative similarities two by two.
    In addition to the characteristics which have just been mentioned in the preceding paragraph, the method according to a first aspect of the invention may have one or more complementary characteristics among the following, considered individually or according to all technically possible combinations.
    Advantageously, the method according to a first aspect of the invention further comprises, before the step of determining the similarity between each voltage measurement of each meter of the plurality of meters, a step of pre-processing of the voltage measurement carried out by each counter over the measurement period.
    Thus, the operation of the method is improved by ensuring that the data is purged of all or part of the measurements liable to affect the relevance of the results obtained, for example by removing the component due to voltage variations at the transformer.
    Advantageously, the step of regrouping the pairs of counters is only carried out on the pairs of counters having a similarity of less than -0.2.
    Thus, when the similarity measured between two counters is too high, the method does not take into account the torque formed by these two counters, which improves the results obtained by the method according to a first aspect of the invention.
    Advantageously, the grouping step comprises, for each pair of meters:
    - when the two counters of said pair of counters do not belong to any group, a substep for creating a group and associating the two counters with said group;
    - when one of the two counters of said pair of counters is already associated with a group, a sub-step of associating the counter not yet associated with a group to said group;
    - When the two counters of said pair of counters are already associated with two different groups, a sub-step of merging said two groups.
    Thus, the grouping allows each group to be associated with a three-phase feeder from the network and therefore with a network transformer.
    Advantageously, the grouping step comprises a first sub-step for classifying pairs of counters from the most negative to the least negative similarity and, for each pair of counters and in the order of their classification:
    - when the two counters of said pair of counters do not belong to any group, a substep for creating a group and associating the two counters with said group;
    - when one of the two counters of said pair of counters is already associated with a group, a sub-step of associating the counter not yet associated with a group to said group;
    - when the two counters of said pair of counters are already associated with two different groups, a sub-step of merging said two groups if there is at least one other pair of counters having a negative similarity and whose two counters are associated with the same two groups.
    The classification sub-step present at the beginning of the grouping stage makes it possible to improve the reliability of said grouping. In addition, the fact of merging two groups only if there are two links between these two groups makes it possible to further improve the reliability of the grouping.
    Advantageously, the distance between two counters is equal to the absolute value of the similarity between the two counters when said similarity is negative and the zero value when said similarity is positive, and, for each group, the method comprises a step of creating three sub-groups, each sub-group being constructed so that the average distance between two counters of different sub-groups is the greatest possible and that the average distance between two counters belonging to the same sub-group is the smallest possible, preferably zero , each sub-group corresponding to a phase of the three-phase departure associated with the group considered.
    Thus, it is possible to associate each meter with a phase of a three-phase feed.
    Advantageously, alternatively, the distance between two counters is equal to the absolute value of the similarity between the two counters when said similarity is negative and the zero value when said similarity is positive, and in which, for each group, the method comprises a step of implementing a clustering algorithm so as to obtain three clusters of counters, each cluster corresponding to a phase of the three-phase start associated with the group considered.
    Thus, as before, it is possible to associate each meter with a phase of a three-phase feed.
    Advantageously, still alternatively, for each group, the method comprises:
    - for each counter in the group, a step of determining the two other counters in the group with which the counter considered presents the most negative similarities, the three counters thus determined forming a triplet associated with a score so as to obtain a plurality of triplets, the counters of a triplet always showing a negative similarity two by two;
    a step of determining the triplet presenting the highest score, called the reference triplet;
    - a step of associating a subgroup with each counter of the reference triplet so as to obtain three subgroups;
    then for each counter in the group not belonging to the reference triplet, the method comprises:
    - when the counter has a negative similarity with two and only two of the three counters of the reference triplet, a step of associating said counter with the subgroup associated with the counter of the reference triplet with which the similarity is positive or zero;
    - otherwise, when the counter has a negative similarity with at least two other counters associated with two of the three subgroups:
    for each sub-group among the three sub-groups, a sub-step of determining the counter associated with said sub-group with which the counter considered to have the lowest similarity, called intermediate counters, so as to obtain an intermediate counter by sub-group ;
    if the counter considered has a negative similarity with each intermediate counter, then a sub-step of classification of said counter as being difficult to classify, the latter then being associated with no sub-group;
    otherwise, a sub-step of associating the counter considered with the subgroup associated with the intermediate counter with which the counter considered has a positive or zero similarity;
    - if not, a step of classifying said counter as being difficult to classify, the latter then not being associated with any subgroup.
    Thus, as before, it is possible to associate each counter with a sub-group and therefore with a phase of a three-phase start, each phase being itself associated with a sub-group.
    A second aspect of the invention relates to a method for determining the topology of a plurality of counters of a three-phase feed, said three-phase feed comprising three phases, each counter of the plurality of counters being connected to one and only one phase of the three-phase start. The method according to a second aspect of the invention comprises:
    for each counter of the plurality of counters, a step of determining the two other counters of the plurality of counters with which the counter considered presents the most negative similarities, the three counters thus determined forming a triplet associated with a score so as to obtaining a plurality of triplets, the counters of a triplet always having a negative similarity two by two;
    a step of determining a distance between each of the triplets of the plurality of triplets, said distance between two triplets being a function of the similarities between the counters of each of the two triplets;
    a step of determining the triplet having the best score, called the reference triplet;
    a step of connection to the triplet closest to the reference triplet to said reference triplet so as to form two connected triplets;
    - then, a step of determining, among the triplets not yet connected, the triplet closest to a connected triplet and a step of connecting said triplet not yet connected to the connected triplet of which it is closest, these two steps being repeated until all of the triplets are connected.
    Thus, it is possible to know the topology at the level of a given three-phase feed, that is to say the way in which the meters are connected to each other and at the level of the phases of said three-phase feed. By connected triplet is meant that each phase of the first connected triplet is associated with a phase of the second connected triplet.
    A third aspect of the invention relates to a method for determining the topology of a network comprising a plurality of meters and at least one transformer, each transformer comprising at least one three-phase feeder, each three-phase feeder comprising three phases, and each counter being connected to one and only one phase. The method according to a third aspect of the invention comprises:
    for each counter of the plurality of counters, a step of determining the two other counters of the plurality of counters with which the counter considered presents the most negative similarities, the three counters thus determined forming a triplet associated with a score so as to obtaining a plurality of triplets, the counters of a triplet always having a negative similarity two by two;
    - a step of determining a distance separating the triplets two by two, the distance between two triplets being a function of the similarities between the counters of each of the two triplets;
    - a step of connecting the triplets comprising:
    a determination sub-step, of the two triplets closest to each other and not yet connected to each other;
    a substep of connecting the two triplets thus determined a set of connected triplets forming a group, the substeps of the step of connecting the triplets being repeated until a number of groups is obtained equal to a predetermined value.
    Thus, a method according to the invention makes it possible, using the same principles as the method according to a first aspect of the invention, to produce a complete network topology from the installation of meter triplets.
    Advantageously, the method according to a third aspect of the invention comprises, after the step of determining the two other counters from the plurality of counters with which the counter considered has the most negative similarities, a step of sorting the triplets obtained so that triplets with a score below a predetermined threshold value are not taken into account.
    Thus, this sorting avoids that triplets with a low score lead to merge two groups that should not have been.
    A fourth aspect of the invention relates to an electronic device comprising means configured to implement a method according to a first aspect, a second aspect or a third aspect of the invention.
    A fifth aspect of the invention relates to a computer program comprising instructions which lead the device according to a fourth aspect of the invention to execute the steps of the method according to a first aspect, a second aspect or a third aspect of the invention .
    A sixth aspect of the invention relates to a computer-readable medium, on which the computer program is recorded according to a fifth aspect of the invention.
    The invention and its various applications will be better understood on reading the description which follows and on examining the figures which accompany it.
    BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
    The figures are presented for information and in no way limit the invention.
    - Figure 1 shows a schematic representation of an electrical network which can be applied a method according to a first, a second or a third aspect of the invention.
    - Figure 2 shows a flowchart of an embodiment of a method according to a first aspect of the invention.
    - Figure 3 shows a schematic representation of the result obtained with a method according to a first aspect of the invention.
    - Figure 4 shows a flowchart of an embodiment of a method according to a second aspect of the invention.
    - Figure 5 shows a schematic representation of part of the steps of a method according to a second aspect of the invention.
    - Figure 6 shows a flowchart of an embodiment of a method according to a third aspect of the invention.
    - Figure 7 shows a schematic representation of part of the steps of a method according to a third aspect of the invention.
    - Figure 8 shows a schematic representation of an embodiment of a device according to a fourth aspect of the invention.
    DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF AT LEAST ONE EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION
    Unless otherwise specified, the same element appearing in different figures has a unique reference.
    A first embodiment of a first aspect of the invention illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 3 relates to a method 100 of associating each CPT counter of a plurality of CPT counters with a three-phase DTP start from a TRS transformer from among at least one TRS transformer, preferably from a plurality of TRS transformers, each TRS transformer comprising at least one three-phase DTP feed, each three-phase DTP feed comprising three DDP phases, and each CPT counter being connected to one and only one DDP phase.
    The method 100 comprises a step 1ED of determining the similarity between each voltage measurement of each CPT counter of the plurality of CPT counters so as to form a plurality of pairs of CPT counters, each voltage measurement taking place over a period called period of measurement, each pair of CPT counters being associated with a similarity. Similarity can for example be a correlation such as a Pearson correlation. More generally, a similarity can be defined as a level of resemblance between two signals, which can for example be measured using a correlation calculation or a convolution. At the end of this step, each pair which it is possible to make with the CPT counters of the plurality of CPT counters is associated with a similarity, said similarity being calculated between the voltages measured at the level of each CPT counter of said pair. A matrix of all the similarities between the counters two by two is thus obtained. In other words, each CPT counter measures the voltage at regular intervals and records the time course of this voltage and this measurement is used to calculate the similarity. In the following, the evolution of the voltage over the measurement period at a CPT counter will be called measurement of the voltage of the CPT counter. Thus, a voltage measurement comprises a plurality of points, each point corresponding to a value of the voltage at a given instant. Similarly, the similarity between two CPT counters should be understood as the similarity calculated between the voltage measured at said CPT counters for a given period, called the measurement period. For this reason in the following, the similarity between the voltage measurement carried out by a first CPT counter and the voltage measurement carried out by a second CPT counter will also be called similarity between the first CPT counter and the second CPT counter for the sake of brevity .
    The method 100 also includes a step 1ER of grouping the pairs of CPT counters having a negative similarity so as to form a plurality of groups, each group being associated with a three-phase DTP start. This grouping step can be carried out in several ways. In other words, only the couples that have a similarity less than or equal to zero, preferably less than -0.2, are taken into account for the 1st step of grouping. This makes it possible not to take into account couples with little discrimination in determining the topology. Indeed, it is "easy" to find positive similarities, even on different departures (because the ways of consuming can be similar), while it is less common to find negative similarities between two departures.
    In one embodiment, the 1st step of grouping comprises, for each pair of meters:
    - when the two counters of said pair of counters do not belong to any group, a substep for creating a group and associating the two counters with said group;
    - when one of the two counters of said pair of counters is already associated with a group, a sub-step of associating the counter not yet associated with a group to said group;
    - When the two counters of said pair of counters are already associated with two different groups, a sub-step of merging said two groups.
    Thus, it is possible to associate each CPT counter of a group with a three-phase DTP feed, and consequently with the TRS transformer comprising said three-phase DTP feed. However, although simple to implement, this grouping method can in certain cases lead to assigning a CPT counter to a bad group and therefore to a bad three-phase DTP start.
    The results obtained with the previously described method can be improved by classifying the CPT counters. More specifically, in an alternative embodiment, the 1st step of grouping comprises a first sub-step of classifying pairs of CPT counters from the most negative to the least negative similarity. It also includes for each pair of CPT meters and in order of their classification:
    - when the two CPT counters of said pair do not belong to any group, a substep for creating a group and a substep for associating the two CPT counters with said group;
    - when one of the two CPT counters of said pair is already associated with a group, a substep of association of the CPT counter not yet associated with a group in said group;
    - when the two CPT counters of said pair are already associated with two different groups, a step of merging said two groups if there is at least one other pair of CPT counters having a negative similarity and for which the two CPT counters of said pair are associated to the same two groups (i.e. if the first CPT counter of the couple considered belongs to a first group and the second CPT counter of the couple considered belongs to a second group, the first and the second group will not be merged only if there is a second pair of counters having a negative similarity and of which one counter belongs to the first group and another counter belongs to the second group).
    Thus, it is possible to associate each CPT counter of a group with a three-phase DTP feed, and consequently with the TRS transformer comprising said three-phase DTP feed.
    In one embodiment, the method 100 according to a first aspect of the invention comprises, before step 1ED of determining the similarity between each voltage measurement of each CPT counter of the plurality of CPT counters, a step 1 PT of preprocessing of the voltage measurement carried out by each CPT counter over the measurement period.
    In one embodiment, step 1 PT of pretreatment comprises a frequency filtering sub-step of the voltage measurements. For example, the filter may include a bandpass filter retaining only a given frequency range. In another example, the filter can be a high-pass filter so as to keep only the high frequencies and thus eliminate the daily variations. We could for example use a Butterworth filter.
    In one embodiment, step 1 PT of pretreatment comprises a sub-step of deleting the voltage measurements when the latter are zero during a given time interval, for example over a day.
    In one embodiment, step 1 PT of preprocessing comprises a sub-step of deleting the points in the measurements deviating abnormally from the other points of the same measurement, called outliers (or outliers in English), for example the points which represent a value that deviates from the mean by more than 3 standard deviations. When more than one preprocessing sub-step is performed, the sub-step for deleting outliers is preferably performed first.
    When data is deleted during preprocessing, the similarity calculation can be done on the remaining data (and therefore over a modified measurement period corresponding to said remaining data) or else the deleted data can be substituted for new data obtained by interpolations as will be described later.
    In one embodiment, step 1 PT of preprocessing comprises a sub-step for synchronizing the measurements, for example using a cross-correlation method. Such a method is known to those skilled in the art and will therefore not be described here.
    In one embodiment, step 1 PT of preprocessing includes an interpolation substep so that the number of points per measurement is identical for all the measurements of the reference electrical quantity, for example by linear interpolation. This interpolation also makes it possible to complete any missing data.
    In one embodiment, step 1 PT of preprocessing comprises a sub-step of determining a sub-period, called an improved sub-period, said sub-period comprising one or more parts of the measurement period, the calculation of similarity between the different counters then being carried out on said improved subperiod. This improved sub-period may for example correspond to a period during which the network is more unbalanced. An unbalanced network is understood to mean the fact that each phase of a three-phase feed consumes different amounts of current and that a large neutral current is created. An imbalance period can be chosen as the period during which the electrical consumption is greater than the average (therefore more likely to have a significant imbalance), for example during the evening peak, or at noon in the presence of panels solar. It is also possible to determine this period of imbalance by measuring all the tensions at the same time and choosing the moments when the standard deviation is the most important.
    In one embodiment, step 1 PT of preprocessing comprises a sub-step of signal derivation measured by each counter, the derivative being able to be a derivative of order one or of higher order. This makes it possible in particular to measure the similarities concerning the variations in voltage and no longer the voltage itself.
    In one embodiment, the pretreatment step 1 PT includes a component removal sub-step due to variations in the TRS transformer (s). For example, the sub-step of removing the component due to variations at the level of the transformer (s) TRS can be carried out by subtracting the voltage measured at the level of the transformer. This component can be measured by a concentrator located at the level of each TRS transformer. Note that for a given TRS transformer, the voltage is the same for all three-phase DTP feeders of the TRS transformer considered, but perhaps different for each of the DDP phases (ie the first DDP phases of three-phase DTP feeders will have the same voltage , the second DDP phases of the three-phase DTP feeders will have the same voltage and the third DDP phases of the three-phase DTP feeders will have the same voltage). The voltage of a TRS transformer could for example be approximated as being equal to the voltage averaged over the three phases DDP of each three-phase DTP start (or alternatively of a reference three-phase DTP start) and then subtracted from the voltage measured on each meter CPT connected to the TRS transformer considered. However, this assumes that each CPT counter has already been associated with a TRS transformer (which is the case when only one TRS transformer is concerned), which is not always possible.
    In another example, when the voltage cannot be measured at each TRS transformer, the sub-step of removing the component due to variations in the TRS transformer (s) can be carried out by averaging all the voltages measured at level of the CPT counters to find their common base, then by subtracting from each voltage the component parallel to this common base. In other words, the voltage at a TRS transformer is approximated by the average of the voltages measured at the CPT counters attached to said TRS transformer, then this voltage is subtracted from the voltage measured at each of the CPT counters attached to said TRS transformer . In another example, the subtraction of the common base could also be done for each voltage, by subtracting the projection of said tension on said common base (using for example the scalar product). In yet another example, the common base is directly subtracted from each tension.
    In another example, the component deletion sub-step due to variations in the TRS transformer (s) can be carried out by carrying out an analysis of the main components or an analysis as an independent component and by deleting the first vector (s). In other words, a principal component analysis on all the voltages of a TRS transformer is carried out so as to obtain the main axes, the first axes being the most important. If the influence of the TRS transformer is significant, and since it impacts all the voltages measured at the CPT meters, then this voltage should be found in the first axis.
    Once each CPT counter associated with a three-phase DTP start, it may be interesting to determine the association between each CPT counter and each DDP phase, this determination being made by three-phase DTP start.
    For this, in one embodiment, the distance between two CPT counters is defined as equal to the absolute value of the similarity between the two CPT counters considered when said similarity is negative and the zero value when said similarity is positive. In addition, for each group (in other words the CPT counters associated with a given three-phase DTP start), the method 100 comprises a step of creating three subgroups, the subgroups being constructed so that the average distance between two counters CPT of different subgroups is as large as possible and the average distance between two CPT counters belonging to the same subgroup is as small as possible, each subgroup corresponding to a DDP phase of the three-phase DTP departure associated with the group considered. Thus, depending on the membership of a counter in a given subgroup, it is possible to associate said counter with a DDP phase of a three-phase DTP start of a TRS transformer.
    In an alternative embodiment, the distance between two CPT counters is defined as equal to the absolute value of the similarity between the two CPT counters considered when said similarity is negative and the zero value when said similarity is positive. In addition, the method 100 comprises, for each group (in other words the CPT counters associated with a given three-phase DTP start), a step of implementing a clustering algorithm so as to obtain three clusters of counters, each corresponding cluster to a DDP phase of the three-phase DTP departure associated with the group considered. The clustering algorithm can for example be the Kmeans algorithm or of the self-organizing cards type (for example Kohonen cards).
    In an alternative embodiment, for each group (in other words the CPT counters associated with a given three-phase DTP start), the method 100 comprises for each CPT counter of the group, a step of determining the two other CPT counters of the group with which the The CPT counter considered has the most negative similarities, the three counters thus determined forming a triplet associated with a score, the counters of a triplet always having a negative similarity two by two. Thus, a plurality of triplets is obtained, each triplet being associated with a score. It is important to note that a counter can belong to several triplets. The score can for example be equal to the absolute value of the average of the similarities between each CPT counter of the triplet considered. The method 100 then comprises a step of determining the triplet having the highest score, called the reference triplet.
    The method 100 also includes a step of associating a subgroup with each CPT counter of the reference triplet. This association will make it possible to associate the other CPT counters of the group (those not belonging to the reference triplet), to each sub-group and therefore to a DDP phase of the three-phase DTP start. This association will be made according to the similarities between the CPT counters of the triplet of the reference triplet and the CPT counters to be associated. For this, two situations should be distinguished. When the CPT counter to be associated has a negative similarity with two and only two of the three CPT counters of the reference triplet, then said CPT counter is associated with the associated subgroup CPT counter of the reference triplet with which it presents similarity. higher.
    If this first condition is not satisfied, when the counter has a negative correlation with at least two other CPT counters associated with two of the three subgroups, the method comprises, for each subgroup among the three subgroups, a sub-step of determining the CPT counter associated with said sub-group with which the CPT counter considered to have the lowest similarity, known as an intermediate CPT counter, so as to obtain an intermediate CPT counter per sub-group. Indeed, because of the previous iterations, other CPT counters than those of the reference triplet are already associated with a subgroup among the three subgroups. In addition, it is possible to determine among these CPT counters, the one which has the weakest similarity with the CPT counter that it is sought to associate, the CPT counter thus determined becoming the intermediate CPT counter for the subgroup to which it is associated. At the end of this sub-step, there are three intermediate CPT counters, each of these intermediate CPT counters being associated with one of the three subgroups. We also have the similarity between each of these intermediate CPT counters and the CPT counter that we are trying to associate. The method then comprises, if the counter considered has a negative similarity with each intermediate CPT counter, a sub-step of classification of said counter as being difficult to classify, the latter then not being associated with any subgroup. Indeed, if the counter considered has a negative similarity with the three intermediate counters, then it is preferable to put the latter aside by using for example another method to assign it a DDP phase. Such an allocation will be facilitated by the fact that, thanks to the method according to the present invention, the meter set aside is associated with a group and therefore with a three-phase feed. If the previous condition is not fulfilled, that is to say that one and only one of the three reference CPT counters has a positive or zero similarity with the counter considered, the method comprises a sub-step of association of the CPT counter considered in the subgroup associated with the intermediate CPT counter with which the CPT counter considered has a positive or zero similarity.
    Finally, if none of the conditions set out above are met, the method comprises a step of classifying said CPT counter as being difficult to classify, the latter then not being associated with any subgroup. The unassociated CPT counter may possibly be associated later using another technique.
    As illustrated in FIG. 3, the method according to a first aspect of the invention makes it possible to associate each PTC counter with a three-phase DTP start (or even with a DDP phase of a three-phase DTP start). Once such an association is known, it may be interesting to know the topology of the CPT counters at the level of each three-phase DPT feeder, in other words how the different CPT counters are connected to each other.
    For this, an embodiment of a second aspect of the invention illustrated in FIG. 4 and in FIG. 5 relates to a method 200 for determining the topology of a plurality of CPT counters of a three-phase DTP start. It is interesting to note that in the case where several three-phase DTP feeders are present, it is possible to implement said method for each of them in order to obtain the topology of a part of the network or of the network as a whole. As already detailed previously, the three-phase DPT departure comprises three DDP phases, each CPT counter of the plurality of CPT counters being connected to one and only one DDP phase of the three-phase CPT counter. The method 200 firstly comprises, for each counter CPT of the plurality of counters, a step 2ED1 of determining the two other counters CPT of the plurality of counters CPT with which the counter CPT considered has the most negative similarities, the three CPT counters thus determined forming a triplet associated with a score. As already mentioned, the score can for example be equal to the absolute value of the average of the similarities between each CPT counter of the triplet considered. As a reminder, for three CPT counters to form a triplet, said CPT counters must have a negative similarity two by two. At the end of this step 2ED1, a plurality of triplets is obtained, each one being associated with a score, and it therefore remains only to connect them in order to determine the topology at the level of the three-phase DTP start considered.
    For this, the method 200 comprises a step 2ED2 of determining the distance between each of the triplets previously obtained, said distance between two triplets being a function of the similarities between the counters of each of the two triplets. For example, to find the distance, we start by matching the CPT counters of the two triplets two by two according to their DDP phase. For example, by finding the three pairs of CPT counters that are positively correlated and that maximize the quadratic sum of the three correlations. Once the three pairs have been found, the distance can be obtained from these three correlations. For example, la is determined by calculating the absolute value of the average of the three correlations corresponding to the three pairs formed minus 1 (in other words:
    abs (mean (correlations between counters of each pair) - 1))
    For example, in the case of a triplet (a, b, c) and a triplet (d, e, f), the CPT counters are first paired, by finding the three pairs of CPT counters which are positively correlated and which maximize the quadratic sum of the three correlations. In this example, the three pairs thus obtained are (a, e), (b, d) and (c, f). Once the three pairs have been found, the distance can be obtained from these three correlations. For example, the distance between these two triplets is then given by the calculation detailed above. It is important to note that when the same CPT counter belongs to the two triplets, the correlation calculated between this CPT counter is itself equal to 1. In the examples set out above, the similarity between two CPT counters is obtained at using a correlation, but other methods for calculating the distance between two triplets can be considered depending on the method used for determining the similarity between two CPT counters.
    This step is followed by a step 2ED3 of determining the triplet with the best score, called the reference triplet (FIG. 5A). This reference triplet will serve as a starting point for setting up the topology. The method 200 then comprises a step 2EC1 of connection to the closest triplet (for example according to the distance previously defined) of the reference triplet to said reference triplet so as to form two connected triplets (FIG. 5B). Then, for each triplet not yet connected, the method comprises a step 2ED4 of determining the triplet closest to a connected triplet and a step 2EC2 of connecting said triplet not yet connected to the connected triplet to which it is closest (Figure 5C), these two steps 2ED4, 2EC2 being repeated until all of the triplets are connected. At the end of the process, the topology of the CPT counters is therefore obtained at the level of the three-phase DTP start considered. The term connected triplet means that each DDP phase of the first connected triplet is associated with a phase of the second connected triplet. Otherwise, when a first triplet is connected to a second triplet, each CPT counter of the first triplet is connected to a CPT counter of the second triplet (they are therefore connected to the same phase). As discussed above, each CPT counter in the first triplet is paired with a CPT counter in the second triplet when determining the distance between the first triplet and the second triplet. In addition, as already mentioned, a counter can belong to several triplets. In this case, as illustrated in FIG. 5D in which each counter is represented by a node, when two triplets having a common CPT counter are connected, the two nodes corresponding to this CPT counter are merged to form one single node, the connections between this node and the node of the preceding or following triplet being adapted accordingly.
    Advantageously, step 2ED1 of determining the two other CPT counters from the plurality of CPT counters with which the considered CPT counter has the most negative similarities is preceded by a preprocessing step as described in the context of the method according to a first aspect of the invention.
    In the method 200 for determining the topology of a plurality of CPT counters of a three-phase DTP departure described above, in order to obtain the topology of a network, it is first important to associate each CPT counter with a departure three-phase DTP (for example by implementing a method 100 according to a first aspect of the invention) then determining the topology, three-phase DTP start by three-phase DTP using a method 200 according to a second aspect of the invention. Although such a solution is entirely conceivable and even sometimes desirable (for example when only the topology of one or more particular three-phase DTP feeds is important), it may be advantageous to have a method making it possible to associate each counter CPT to a three-phase DTP feed while allowing the topology to be determined at the level of each three-phase DTP feed, even in the case of a plurality of three-phase DTP feeds.
    For this, an embodiment of a third aspect of the invention illustrated in FIG. 6 and in FIG. 7 relates to a method 300 for determining the topology of a network. The network comprises a plurality of CPT counters and at least one TRS transformer, preferably a plurality of TRS transformers, each TRS transformer comprising at least one three-phase DTP start, each three-phase DTP start comprising three DDP phases, and each CPT counter being connected to one and only one DDP phase.
    The method 300 comprises, for each counter CPT of the plurality of counters CPT, a step 3ED1 of determining the two other counters CPT of the plurality of counters CPT with which the counter CPT considered has the most negative similarity, the three counters CPT thus determined forming a triplet associated with a score. As already mentioned, the score can for example be equal to the absolute value of the average of the similarities between each CPT counter of the triplet considered. As already mentioned, in order for three CPT counters to form a triplet, said CPT counters must have a negative similarity two by two.
    In one embodiment, the method 300 then comprises a step 3ET of sorting the triplets obtained so that the triplets having a score below a predetermined threshold value (for example a threshold equal to the average value of the scores minus the standard deviation of said scores) are not taken into account. This sorting step, although optional, prevents triplets with a low score from leading to the merging of two groups that should not have been.
    The method then comprises a step 3ED2 of determining the distance separating the triplets two by two. Finally, as illustrated in FIGS. 7A, 7B and 7C, the method 300 comprises a step 3EC of connection of the triplets comprising a substep of determination, of the two triplets closest to each other and not yet connected to each other and a substep of connection of the two triplets thus determined. Thus, a set of connected triplets forms a group and the sub-steps of the step of connecting the triplets being repeated until a number of groups is obtained equal to a predetermined value. The predetermined value is for example the number of three-phase DTP feeders on the network or even the number of TRS transformers on the network if we wish to group the feeders of each transformer together. Thus, at the end of the process, a plurality of groups of triplets is obtained, each group corresponding to a three-phase DTP feed or to a TRS transformer. In addition, the connections of the triplets to each other within a given group allow the topology to be known at the level of the three-phase DTP feeder or the TRS transformer corresponding to said group.
    The mode of connection of the triplets to each other is identical to the mode of connection used during the implementation of a method 200 according to a second aspect of the invention. In other words, when a first triplet is connected to a second triplet, each CPT counter of the first triplet is connected to a CPT counter of the second triplet (they are therefore connected to the same phase). In addition, as already mentioned, a counter can belong to several triplets. In this case, as illustrated in FIG. 5D in which each counter is represented by a node, when two triplets having a common CPT counter are connected, the two nodes corresponding to this CPT counter are merged to form one single node, the connections between this node and the node of the preceding or following triplet being adapted accordingly.
    Advantageously, step 3ED1 of determining the two other CPT counters from the plurality of CPT counters with which the CPT counter considered has the most negative similarity is preceded by a preprocessing step as described in the context of the method 100 according to a first aspect of the invention.
    A fourth aspect of the invention illustrated in FIG. 8 relates to a DI device making it possible to implement a method according to a first aspect, a second aspect or a third aspect of the invention. As described above, in an electrical distribution network, each TRS transformer comprises at least one three-phase DTP feed, each three-phase DTP feed includes three DDP phase feeders. In one embodiment, the device comprises an MT processing means, said MT processing means being configured so that the device is capable of implementing a method according to a first aspect, a second aspect or a third aspect of the invention. The processing means may for example take the form of a processor associated with a memory, an FPGA (Field-Programmable Gâte Array in English or programmable logic circuit) or an ASIC (Application-Specific Integrated Circuit in English or integrated circuit developed for a client). In one embodiment, each CPT counter is able to measure the voltage at said CPT counter. In one embodiment, the device comprises means MR for receiving the measurements carried out at each counter CPT to be associated. It can be a wired connection, for example an Ethernet connection or even a wireless connection, for example Wifi® or Bluetooth®. In an alternative or complementary embodiment, all of the measurements carried out at each CPT counter are centralized at one or more servers, and the device DI then comprises means for receiving the data corresponding to said measurements sent by said said servers.
    权利要求:
    Claims (10)
    [1" id="c-fr-0001]
    1. Method (100) of associating each counter (CPT) of a plurality of counters (CPT) with a three-phase feed (DTP) of a transformer (TRS) among at least one transformer (TRS), each transformer ( TRS) comprising at least one three-phase feed (DTP), each three-phase feed (STP) comprising three phases (DDP), and each counter (CPT) being connected to one and only one phase (DDP); the method (100) comprising:
    a step (1 ED) of determining the similarity between each voltage measurement of each counter (CPT) of the plurality of counters (CPT) so as to form a plurality of pairs of counters (CPT), each voltage measurement is making over a period called the measurement period, each pair of counters (CPT) being associated with a similarity;
    a step (1 ER) of grouping together the pairs of meters (CPT) having a negative similarity as a function of their similarity so as to form a plurality of groups, each group being associated with a three-phase start (DTP).
    [2" id="c-fr-0002]
    2. Method (100) according to the preceding claim further comprising, before step (1ED) of determining the similarity between each voltage measurement of each counter (CPT) of the plurality of counters (CPT), a step (1PT ) pre-processing of the voltage measurement carried out by each counter (CPT) over the measurement period.
    [3" id="c-fr-0003]
    3. Association method (100) according to one of claims 1 to 2 in which the grouping step (1 ER) comprises, for each pair of counters (CPT):
    - when the two counters (CPT) of said pair of counters (CPT) do not belong to any group, a substep for creating a group and associating the two counters (CPT) for said group;
    - when one of the two counters (CPT) of said pair of counters (CPT) is already associated with a group, a sub-step of association of the counter (CPT) not yet associated with a group with said group;
    - When the two counters (CPT) of said pair of counters are already associated with two different groups, a sub-step of merging said two groups.
    [4" id="c-fr-0004]
    4. Method (100) of association according to one of claims 1 to 2 wherein the grouping step (1 ER) comprises a first sub-step of classification of pairs of counters (CPT) of the similarity from the most negative to the least negative and, for each pair of CPT meters and in the order of their classification:
    - when the two counters (CPT) of said pair of CPT counters do not belong to any group, a substep for creating a group and a substep for associating the two counters (CPT) with said group;
    - when one of the two counters (CPT) of said pair of counters (CPR) is already associated with a group, a sub-step of association of the counter (CPT) not yet associated with a group with said group;
    - when the two counters (CPT) of said pair of counters (CPT) are already associated with two different groups, a sub-step of merging said two groups if there is at least one other pair of counters (CPT) having a negative similarity whose two counters (CPT) are associated with the same two groups.
    [5" id="c-fr-0005]
    5. Method (100) according to one of the preceding claims wherein the distance between two counters (CPT) is equal to the absolute value of the similarity between the two counters (CPT) when said similarity is negative and the value zero when said similarity is positive, and in which, for each group, the method comprises a step of creating three sub-groups, each sub-group being constructed so that the mean distance between two counters (CPT) of different sub-groups is the as large as possible and that the average distance between two meters (CPT) belonging to the same sub-group is as small as possible, each sub-group corresponding to a phase (DDP) of the three-phase start (DTP) associated with the group considered.
    [6" id="c-fr-0006]
    6. Method (100) according to one of claims 1 to 4 wherein the distance between two counters (CPT) is equal to the absolute value of the similarity between the two counters (CPT) when said similarity is negative and the value zero when said similarity is positive, and in which, for each group, the method comprises a step of implementing a clustering algorithm so as to obtain three counter clusters (CPT), each cluster corresponding to a phase (DDP) three-phase feeder (DTP) associated with the group considered.
    [7" id="c-fr-0007]
    7. Method (100) according to one of claims 1 to 4 comprising, for each group:
    - for each counter (CPT) of the group, a step of determining the two other counters (CPT) of the group with which the counter (CPT) considered presents the most negative similarities, the three counters (CPT) thus determined forming an associated triplet to a score so as to obtain a plurality of triplets, the counters (CPT) of a triplet always having a negative similarity two by two;
    a step of determining the triplet presenting the highest score, called the reference triplet;
    - a step of associating a subgroup with each counter (CPT) of the reference triplet so as to obtain three subgroups;
    then for each counter (CPT) of the group not belonging to the reference triplet, the method (100) comprises:
    - when the counter (CPT) has a negative similarity with two and only two of the three counters (CPT) of the reference triplet, a step of associating said counter (CPT) with the subgroup associated with the counter (CPT) of the triplet of reference with which the similarity is positive or zero;
    - otherwise, when the counter has a negative correlation with at least two other counters associated with two of the three sub-groups:
    for each sub-group among the three sub-groups, a sub-step for determining the counter (CPT) associated with said sub-group with which the counter (CPT) considered to have the lowest similarity, known as an intermediate counter (CPT), so as to obtain an intermediate counter (CPT) per subgroup;
    if the counter (CPT) considered has a negative similarity with each intermediate counter (CPT), then a sub-step of classification of said counter (CPT) as being difficult to classify, the latter then being associated with no subgroup;
    otherwise, a sub-step of association of the counter (CPT) considered with the subgroup associated with the intermediate counter (CPT) with which the counter (CPT) considered has a positive or zero similarity;
    - if not, a step of classifying said counter (CPT) as being difficult to classify, the latter then being associated with no sub-group.
    [8" id="c-fr-0008]
    8. Method (200) for determining the topology of a plurality of counters (CPT) of a three-phase feed (DTP), said three-phase feed (DTP) comprising three phases (DDP), each counter (CPT) of the plurality of meters (CPT) being connected to one and only one phase (DDP) of the three-phase meter (CPT), the method (200) comprising:
    - for each counter (CPT) of the plurality of counters (CPT), a step (2ED1) of determining the two other counters (CPT) of the plurality of counters (CPT) with which the counter (CPT) considered presents the most similarities more negative, the three counters (CPT) thus determined forming a triplet associated with a score so as to obtain a plurality of triplets, the counters (CPT) of a triplet always having a negative similarity two by two;
    a step (2ED2) of determining the distance between each of the triplets of the plurality of triplets, said distance between two triplets being a function of the similarities between the counters of each of the two triplets;
    - a step (2ED3) of determining the triplet having the best score, called the reference triplet;
    - a step (2EC1) of connection to the triplet closest to the first triplet to said first triplet so as to form two connected triplets;
    - Then, a step (2ED4) of determining, among the triplets not yet connected, the triplet closest to a connected triplet and a step (2EC2) connecting said triplet not yet connected to the connected triplet of which it is the closer, these two steps (2ED4,2EC2) being repeated until all of the triplets are connected.
    [9" id="c-fr-0009]
    9. Method (300) for determining the topology of a network comprising a plurality of counters (CPT) and at least one transformer (TRS), each transformer (TRS) comprising at least one three-phase feed (DPT), each three-phase feed (DTP) comprising three phases (DDP), and each counter (CPT) being connected to one and only one phase (DDP); the method (300) comprising:
    - for each counter (CPT) of the plurality of counters (CPT), a step (3ED1) of determining the two other counters (CPT) of the plurality of counters (CPT) with which the counter (CPT) considered presents the most similarities more negative, the three counters (CPT) thus determined forming a triplet associated with one so as to obtain a plurality of triplets, the counters (CPT) of a triplet always having a negative similarity two by two;
    a step (3ED2) of determining the distance separating the triplets two by two, the distance between two triplets being a function of the similarities between the counters of each of the two triplets;
    - a step (3EC2) of connection of the triplets comprising:
    a determination sub-step, of the two triplets closest to one another and not yet connected to each other;
    a substep of connection of the two triplets as well
    5 determined;
    a set of connected triplets forming a group, the substeps of step (3EC2) of connecting the triplets being repeated until a number of groups is obtained equal to a predetermined value.
    [10" id="c-fr-0010]
    10. Electronic device (DI) comprising means configured to put
    10 implements a method according to one of the preceding claims.
    类似技术:
    公开号 | 公开日 | 专利标题
    EP3557714A1|2019-10-23|Method for associating each counter of a plurality of counters at a triphase departure of a transformer, method of determining the topology of a network and associated device
    EP3391507B1|2019-11-20|Updating a topology of a distribution network by successive reallocation of the counters
    WO2010106253A2|2010-09-23|Method and device for filtering electrical consumption curves and allocating consumption to categories of appliances
    WO2019007306A1|2019-01-10|Method, device and system for detecting abnormal behavior of user
    WO2016075409A1|2016-05-19|Method for monitoring an aircraft engine operating in a given environment
    EP3489831A1|2019-05-29|Method and device for monitoring a data generator process of a metric for the prediction of abnormalities
    EP3026447B1|2018-01-03|Method and device for determining the apparent electric power consumed by an electric system
    EP2921867A1|2015-09-23|Method for extracting electrical power signals from a mixed signal supplying a plurality of separate electrical appliances
    Chiky2009|Résumé de flux de données ditribués
    EP2363781A1|2011-09-07|Method for reducing the power consumption of an electronic terminal, corresponding terminal and computer program
    FR3003663A1|2014-09-26|METHOD FOR THE AUTOMATIC DETERMINATION OF MALFUNCTION CAUSES OF A SYSTEM COMPRISING A PLURALITY OF MATERIAL OR SOFTWARE COMPONENTS
    Ma et al.2009|A P2P network topology optimized algorithm based on minimum maximum k-means principle
    FR3060794A1|2018-06-22|METHOD FOR DETERMINING THE STATE OF A SYSTEM, METHOD FOR DETERMINING AN OPTIMUM PROJECTION METHOD AND DEVICE IMPLEMENTING SAID METHODS
    FR3067501B1|2019-08-02|PROCESS FOR TREATING THE LOAD CURVE
    EP3905044A1|2021-11-03|Method for automatic analysis of the transaction logs of a distributed computer system
    EP3370149A1|2018-09-05|Method of controlling scene detection in real time in order to determine a context usinga wirelles device and, corresponding apparatus
    EP3836338A1|2021-06-16|Method for determining the individual fuel consumption characteristics of different generators part of a production system
    EP3627329A1|2020-03-25|Method for determining the type of time sequence for memory access running during execution of a computer application
    EP3242412B1|2018-10-17|Method for synchronising an electronic device to a periodic alternating signal and corresponding telecommunication method
    FR2916879A1|2008-12-05|DEVICE AND METHOD FOR PROCESSING IMAGES TO DETERMINE A SIGNATURE OF A FILM.
    WO2015079191A2|2015-06-04|Method for obtaining a system for active, decentralized multi-agent situation control
    Maya2013|Two-Phase Majority Decision Scheme Using Time-Stamps
    Dugué et al.2013|Identification de r^ oles communautaires dans des r'eseaux orient'es appliqu'eea Twitter
    FR3072794A1|2019-04-26|METHOD FOR DETERMINING THE PARAMETERS OF A SIMPLIFIED MODEL OF AN ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEM, A STEERING METHOD USING SUCH A MODEL AND ASSOCIATED DEVICE
    García-Rodríguez et al.2021|Extracting real social interactions from social media: a debate of COVID-19 policies in Mexico
    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    EP3557714A1|2019-10-23|
    FR3080456B1|2022-02-04|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    CA2915674A1|2015-12-17|2017-06-17|Francois Leonard|Update of the topology of a distribution network by successive reattribution of counters|
    CN110940873A|2019-11-13|2020-03-31|国网上海市电力公司|Device and method for detecting topological relation between user electric meter and transformer|
    CN110940938A|2019-11-13|2020-03-31|国网上海市电力公司|Device and method for detecting connection relation between user electric meter and transformer|
    法律状态:
    2019-03-20| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 2 |
    2019-10-25| PLSC| Publication of the preliminary search report|Effective date: 20191025 |
    2020-03-19| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2021-03-23| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1853510|2018-04-20|
    FR1853510A|FR3080456B1|2018-04-20|2018-04-20|METHOD FOR ASSOCIATING EACH METER OF A PLURALITY OF METERS WITH A THREE-PHASE OUTLET OF A TRANSFORMER, METHOD FOR DETERMINING THE TOPOLOGY OF A NETWORK AND ASSOCIATED DEVICE|FR1853510A| FR3080456B1|2018-04-20|2018-04-20|METHOD FOR ASSOCIATING EACH METER OF A PLURALITY OF METERS WITH A THREE-PHASE OUTLET OF A TRANSFORMER, METHOD FOR DETERMINING THE TOPOLOGY OF A NETWORK AND ASSOCIATED DEVICE|
    EP19170418.8A| EP3557714A1|2018-04-20|2019-04-19|Method for associating each counter of a plurality of counters at a triphase departure of a transformer, method of determining the topology of a network and associated device|
    [返回顶部]